Friday, January 14, 2011

Phylum Cnidaria

Life functions and Motile form 
This phylum contains a vast amount of jellyfish, with their squishy bodies and colorful souls. They also contain hydra, sea anemones, and corals. Their tissues are very organized, and some similar cells go together in groups that are actually called tissue, but no true organs occur. Sometimes their bodies have two, or even three layers. The gastrovascular cavity, or others may call it the coelenteron, has an opening that both serves as mouth and anus. They have two simple body forms, medusa and polyp. Medusa, are adult jellyfish floating and moving around, they have umbrella like shaped bodies and tetramerous, a four part symmetry. Polyp are often sessile, they have tube like bodies and one end is attached to substrate and a mouth. Sometimes they are alone, or in groups and different individuals can have different functions. The Polyps are asexual and reproduce by budding. Medusa use sexual formation of gametes, and even some polyps do this as well. Some of them may be monoecious or dioecious.

Reproduction
Sexual reproduction can result in planula larva, witch means it is ciliated and free swimming. The life cycle of a jelly fish goes, larva, polyp, strobila, ephrya, medua. The last stage being its mobile stage.

Ecological role 
Their role in the ecosystem is to keep balance in the food chain. Other fish eat them, and some even ride them. Some fish even use them as homes.

 Interesting fact
They are very interesting creatures, they are mostly composed of water, more then 95% and have no brain, heart or bones or no actual eyes.

Reference:  http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/pictures/Cnidaria.html





Phylum Porifera

 About Porifera and they're Life functions
The Phylum  Porifera contains sponges, and are very very diverse. They have been speculated to have been here millions of years ago, and could possibly even cure disease. There are about 5000 species known across the planet, and only 150 live in freshwater. These wonderful creatures can give use so many answers, if we just ask the question. Their bodies are made up of cellular-level organization, meaning their cells can do different functions. They also have a system of pores, witch are also called ostia, and canals in witch water passes through. Movement is driven by flagellae, and are on special cells called choanocytes. Their support is  a skeleton made up of protein collagens and spicules, and it could also be calcareous or siliceous, but those are from different sponge groups. Their sexuality is both sexual and asexual, the asexual version is external buds. Some sponges have internal buds, called gemmules. Sexual reproduction is at the mesohyl, the male gametes are released into the water and sponges near by  take them in through their pores, like when they eat. They absorb food through holes they have, and they filter feed, since they cannot travel or hunt for food.

 Ecological role
Their ecological role is to give shelter for fish and other animals. They also filter the ocean, and if they keep dieing then we might lose more then a couple of sponges.

 Interesting fact
They are such interesting characters, and  monophyletic which means they were all thought to be descended from a common ancestor.

Reference:http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Porifera.html